Class 7 Mathematics
Chapter 3: Data Handling
STAGE 0: Foundation
Data handling means collecting, organizing, and representing information so that it is easy to understand and analyze.
Examples of data:
- Marks obtained by students
- Number of students in each class
- Favourite sports of children
STAGE 1: What is Data?
Data is a collection of numbers or facts gathered for a purpose.
- Primary Data: Collected by us directly
- Secondary Data: Collected by someone else
STAGE 2: Organizing Data
Data can be organized using:
- Tables
- Tally marks
- Frequency tables
Organized data is easier to read and compare.
STAGE 3: Mean (Average)
The mean is the average value of data.
Formula:
Mean = (Sum of observations) ÷ (Number of observations)
Example:
Marks: 4, 6, 8
Mean = (4 + 6 + 8) ÷ 3 = 6
STAGE 4: Mode
The mode is the value that occurs most frequently.
Example:
Data: 2, 3, 4, 3, 5
Mode = 3
STAGE 5: Bar Graph
A bar graph is used to represent data using rectangular bars.
- Bars can be vertical or horizontal
- All bars have equal width
- Height of bar shows value
STAGE 6: Probability (Introduction)
Probability tells us how likely an event is to happen.
Formula:
Probability = Number of favourable outcomes ÷ Total number of outcomes
Example:
Probability of getting a head when tossing a coin = 1/2
STAGE 7: Practice Questions
1. Define data.
2. Find the mean of: 2, 4, 6, 8.
3. Find the mode of: 1, 2, 2, 3, 4.
4. What is a bar graph?
5. What is the probability of getting a tail when tossing a coin?
Shaktimatha CBSE Learning
Class 7 Mathematics – Chapter 3: Data Handling
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