Class 7 Civics – Chapter 3
HOW THE STATE GOVERNMENT WORKS

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 Introduction

India is a democratic country where people elect their representatives. At the state level, the state government is responsible for making laws, implementing policies and solving people’s problems.

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📌 What is a State Government?

• The government that works at the state level is called the State Government.
• Each state in India has its own government.
• The state government looks after subjects like health, education and police.

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📌 Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha)

• The Legislative Assembly is the law-making body of the state.
• Members are called MLAs (Members of Legislative Assembly).
• MLAs are elected by the people.
• They discuss problems and make laws.

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📌 Elections and Formation of Government

• State elections are held every five years.
• The party with majority MLAs forms the government.
• The leader of the majority party becomes the Chief Minister.

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📌 Chief Minister

• The Chief Minister is the head of the state government.
• He/She selects ministers to form the Council of Ministers.
• The Chief Minister takes important decisions for the state.

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📌 Council of Ministers

• It includes the Chief Minister and other ministers.
• Each minister looks after a department like health or education.
• They are responsible to the Legislative Assembly.

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📌 Governor

• The Governor is the constitutional head of the state.
• He/She is appointed by the President of India.
• The Governor gives approval to laws.

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📌 How Laws are Made

• Problems are discussed in the Legislative Assembly.
• Bills are introduced and debated.
• After approval, the bill becomes a law.

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📌 Role of Opposition

• Opposition parties question the government.
• They point out mistakes and demand accountability.
• This strengthens democracy.

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🧠 Mind Map (Text Format)

State Government → Legislative Assembly → MLAs → Chief Minister → Council of Ministers → Departments → People

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🔑 Mnemonics (Easy Memory Tricks)

• MLA = Member of Legislative Assembly
• CM = Chief Minister
• GCL = Governor → Chief Minister → Legislature

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🎯 Exam Tip:
Always write steps clearly when explaining how a state government is formed.

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