One-Page Quick Revision Sheet

Class: 8 | Subject: Science

Chapter 5: Coal and Petroleum

🌍 Fossil Fuels

• Coal, Petroleum, Natural Gas
• Formed from dead plants & animals
• Take millions of years → Non-renewable

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🪨 Coal

• Used as fuel
• Products:
  • Coke – Almost pure carbon (fuel, steel)
  • Coal Tar – Roads, dyes, naphthalene
  • Coal Gas – Fuel

Memory: C³ → Coke | Coal Tar | Coal Gas

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🛢️ Petroleum

• Also called Black Gold
• Found deep inside Earth
• Separated by Refining (Fractional Distillation)

Petroleum Products (Top → Bottom):

Gas → Petrol → Kerosene → Diesel → Lubricating Oil → Paraffin Wax → Bitumen

Memory Sentence:
Good People Keep Doing Lovely Public Business

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🔥 Natural Gas (CNG)

• Cleanest fossil fuel
• High calorific value
• Used in homes & vehicles

Memory: CNG = Clean Natural Gas

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⚠️ Important Exam Points

• Fossil fuels are exhaustible
• Must be conserved
• Excess use causes pollution

VERY IMPORTANT LINE:
“Fossil fuels are non-renewable natural resources formed over millions of years.”