📘 Class 7 History – Chapter 4
The Mughal Empire
NCERT Textbook Questions & Answers
Q1. What do you understand by the term ‘Mughal’?
The term Mughal refers to the rulers who belonged to a dynasty founded by Babur in India. The Mughals were descendants of Genghis Khan and Timur. They ruled a large part of India for more than three centuries.
Q2. What was the relationship between the Mughals and the Mongols?
The Mughals were related to the Mongols because they were descendants of Genghis Khan. However, the Mughals preferred to be called Timurids after Timur, as they did not like the Mongol way of life.
Q3. Who was Babur? How did he establish the Mughal Empire in India?
Babur was the founder of the Mughal Empire in India. He defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the First Battle of Panipat (1526 CE). This victory helped Babur establish Mughal rule in India.
Q4. Name the important Mughal emperors.
The important Mughal emperors were:
- Babur
- Humayun
- Akbar
- Jahangir
- Shah Jahan
- Aurangzeb
Q5. What was the mansabdari system?
The mansabdari system was an administrative system of the Mughal Empire. Under this system:
- Officers were called mansabdars
- They were given ranks and responsibilities
- They were paid through land grants called jagirs
Q6. What were the main features of Mughal administration?
The main features of Mughal administration were:
- Strong central government
- Efficient revenue system
- Mansabdari system
- Well-organised army
Q7. Write a short note on Mughal culture.
Mughal culture was rich and diverse.
- Persian language and literature flourished
- Architecture developed greatly
- Miniature paintings became popular
- Music and arts were encouraged
Q8. Why did the Mughal Empire decline?
The Mughal Empire declined due to the following reasons:
- Weak rulers after Aurangzeb
- Large empire became difficult to control
- Internal revolts and foreign invasions
- Economic problems
Start answers with a definition, add 2–3 key points, and end clearly. Neat handwriting + keywords = higher marks.
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