Class 8 Science – Chapter 2
Microorganisms: Friend and Foe
Important Exam Questions (VSA / SA / LA)

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A. Very Short Answer Questions (1 Mark)

1. What are microorganisms?
2. Name one useful microorganism.
3. Which microorganism is used to make curd?
4. Which disease is caused by Plasmodium?
5. Name the process of heating milk to kill germs.
6. Which bacteria fixes nitrogen in soil?
7. Name one disease caused by bacteria.
8. Which microorganisms cause food spoilage?

B. Short Answer Questions (2–3 Marks)

1. Why are microorganisms called both friends and foes?
2. How do microorganisms help in making food?
3. What are antibiotics? Write one precaution while using them.
4. Explain the role of Rhizobium in agriculture.
5. Why should we not use antibiotics without doctor's advice?
6. What is pasteurization? Why is it important?
7. How do microorganisms spoil food?

C. Long Answer Questions (5 Marks)

1. Explain the harmful effects of microorganisms with examples.
2. Describe different methods of food preservation.
3. What are vaccines? How do they protect our body from diseases?
4. Explain nitrogen fixation and its importance to plants.
5. Describe the uses of microorganisms in medicine and industry.

D. HOTS / Thinking Questions

1. Why do viral diseases not respond to antibiotics?
2. Why are legumes good for soil fertility?
3. Why does food spoil faster in summer?

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