Class 8 Science – Chapter 1

Crop Production and Management

Worksheet – Full Answers (Step-by-Step)

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Section A: Very Short Answer (1 Mark)

1. Ploughing is the process of loosening and turning the soil.
2. Kharif crops are grown in the rainy season.
3. Sickle is a tool used for harvesting.
4. Unwanted plants are called weeds.
5. Ox is one animal used in agriculture.

Section B: Short Answer (2 Marks)

1. Sowing is the process of planting seeds in the soil. It is important because proper sowing helps seeds grow into healthy plants.
2. Irrigation is the supply of water to crops at regular intervals to help them grow.
3. Fertilizers are chemical substances that provide nutrients to plants for better growth.
4. Weeding is necessary to remove weeds that compete with crops for water, nutrients, and sunlight.
5. Two examples of Rabi crops are wheat and gram.

Section C: Short Answer (3 Marks)

1. The steps involved in crop production are:
   • Preparation of soil
   • Sowing
   • Adding manure and fertilizers
   • Irrigation
   • Weeding
   • Harvesting
   • Storage
2. Manure is natural and improves soil structure, whereas fertilizers are chemical substances that increase crop yield quickly.
3. Harvesting is the cutting of mature crops. It is done using tools like sickle or by machines like harvesters.

Section D: Long Answer (5 Marks)

1. Crop production and management involves various agricultural practices such as preparation of soil, sowing, adding nutrients, irrigation, protection from weeds, harvesting, and storage. These steps help in growing healthy crops.
2. Methods of irrigation include:
   • Canal irrigation
   • Sprinkler system
   • Drip irrigation
   Irrigation ensures proper water supply to crops.
3. Grains are stored in dry places such as granaries and silos. Proper storage prevents damage by insects, rats, and moisture.

✅ Tip for Exams: Write answers in points and underline keywords.