Class 8 Maths – Chapter 6
Squares and Square Roots

Simple Notes for Easy Understanding

1️⃣ Square Numbers

A square number is obtained by multiplying a number by itself.

Example:

• 2 × 2 = 4
• 5 × 5 = 25
• 10 × 10 = 100

2️⃣ Properties of Square Numbers

• Square of an even number is even
• Square of an odd number is odd
• Square numbers end only with 0,1,4,5,6,9

3️⃣ Square Root

Square root is the number which when multiplied by itself gives the given number.

Symbol: √

Examples:

• √16 = 4
• √25 = 5
• √81 = 9

4️⃣ Methods to Find Square Roots

• Prime Factorisation Method
• Repeated Subtraction Method
• Estimation Method

5️⃣ Prime Factorisation Method

Step 1: Write the number as product of prime factors.
Step 2: Make pairs of same numbers.
Step 3: Take one number from each pair.

Example: √36 = √(2×2×3×3) = 2×3 = 6

6️⃣ Perfect Square Numbers

Numbers whose square roots are whole numbers are called perfect squares.

Examples: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49

⭐ Exam Tips for Students

• Memorize squares up to 30
• Write steps clearly in square root problems
• Do not skip working steps in exams

📘 Prepared by Shaktimatha Learning | Class 8 Maths