📘 Class 8 Maths – Chapter 12

Exponents & Powers (NCERT | CBSE)

---

🔹 What are Exponents?

An exponent shows how many times a number is multiplied by itself.

Example:
2³ = 2 × 2 × 2 = 8
Here, 2 is the base and 3 is the exponent (power).

---

📌 Laws of Exponents

1️⃣ Product of Powers (Same Base)

a^m × aⁿ = a^m+n

Example: 2³ × 2² = 2⁵ = 32

2️⃣ Quotient of Powers (Same Base)

a^m ÷ aⁿ = a^m−n

Example: 5⁴ ÷ 5² = 5² = 25

3️⃣ Power of a Power

(a^m)ⁿ = a^m×n

Example: (3²)³ = 3⁶

4️⃣ Power of Zero

a⁰ = 1 (a ≠ 0)

Example: 7⁰ = 1

5️⃣ Negative Exponents

a^−m = 1 / a^m

Example: 2⁻³ = 1 / 8

---

✨ Powers of 10 (Very Important)

Number	Power Form
10	10¹
100	10²
1000	10³
1,00,000	10⁵

---

🧠 Easy Memory Tricks

• Same base → Add / Subtract powers
• Power on power → Multiply powers
• Zero power → Answer is always 1

---

🔗 Permalink

class-8-maths-chapter-12-exponents-and-powers-notes