Class 7 Science

Chapter 11: Transportation in Animals and Plants

                                        

STAGE 0: Foundation / Basics

All living organisms need food, water, oxygen, and nutrients.

The process of carrying these materials from one part of the body to another is called transportation.

Transportation in Animals

In animals, transportation is done by the circulatory system.

Main parts:

• Heart
• Blood
• Blood vessels

Heart

The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood to all parts of the body.

The human heart has four chambers.

Blood

Blood is a red coloured liquid.

Components of blood:

• Red blood cells – carry oxygen
• White blood cells – fight diseases
• Platelets – help in clotting
• Plasma – liquid part

Blood Vessels

• Arteries – carry blood away from heart
• Veins – carry blood towards heart
• Capillaries – very thin vessels

Transportation in Plants

Plants transport water, minerals, and food through special tissues.

• Xylem – carries water and minerals
• Phloem – carries food

Excretion in Animals

Removal of waste materials from the body is called excretion.

Kidneys help in removing wastes from blood.

STAGE 2: NCERT Textbook Questions & Answers

Q1. What is transportation?

Transportation is the process of carrying materials from one part of the body to another.

Q2. Name the components of blood.

Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma.

Q3. Which tissue transports water in plants?

Xylem

STAGE 3: Exam-Oriented Questions

Fill in the blanks:

• The heart pumps __________.
• __________ carries food in plants.

Very Short Answer:

Name one blood vessel.
Answer: Artery

Quick Revision Points

• Transportation moves materials
• Heart pumps blood
• Xylem carries water
• Phloem carries food