Class 7 Science

Chapter 12: Reproduction in Plants

STAGE 0: Foundation / Basics

Reproduction is the process by which plants produce new plants of their own kind.

Reproduction helps in the continuation of plant life on earth.

Types of Reproduction

Plants reproduce in two main ways:

• Vegetative reproduction
• Sexual reproduction

Vegetative Reproduction

New plants grow from parts like root, stem, or leaf.

Examples:

• Potato – stem
• Onion – bulb
• Bryophyllum – leaf

Sexual Reproduction

Sexual reproduction takes place with the help of flowers.

Main parts of a flower:

• Sepals
• Petals
• Stamens (male part)
• Pistil (female part)

Pollination

Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma.

Types of pollination:

• Self-pollination
• Cross-pollination

Fertilisation

Fertilisation is the fusion of male and female gametes.

It results in the formation of a zygote.

Seed Formation

After fertilisation:

• Ovule becomes seed
• Ovary becomes fruit

STAGE 2: NCERT Textbook Questions & Answers

Q1. What is reproduction?

Reproduction is the process by which plants produce new plants.

Q2. What is pollination?

Transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma.

Q3. Name two vegetative parts used for reproduction.

Stem and leaf

STAGE 3: Exam-Oriented Questions

Fill in the blanks:

• Ovule becomes __________.
• Male reproductive part is called __________.

Very Short Answer:

Name one plant that reproduces by leaf.
Answer: Bryophyllum

Quick Revision Points

• Reproduction produces new plants
• Vegetative reproduction uses plant parts
• Flowers help in sexual reproduction
• Pollination is transfer of pollen