Class 7 Science

Chapter 14: Electric Current and Its Effects

STAGE 0: Foundation / Basics

Electricity is a form of energy.

The flow of electric charge through a conductor is called electric current.

Electric Current

Electric current flows only when the circuit is closed.

Electric current cannot flow in an open circuit.

Electric Circuit

An electric circuit is a complete path for the flow of electric current.

Components of a circuit:

• Cell or battery
• Connecting wires
• Switch
• Bulb or device

Effects of Electric Current

Electric current has two main effects:

• Heating effect
• Magnetic effect

Heating Effect of Electric Current

When electric current flows through a wire, it becomes hot.

Examples:

• Electric iron
• Electric heater
• Electric bulb

Magnetic Effect of Electric Current

A current-carrying wire behaves like a magnet.

This effect is used in:

• Electric bell
• Electric motor

Electric Fuse

A fuse is a safety device.

It protects electrical appliances from damage due to excess current.

STAGE 2: NCERT Textbook Questions & Answers

Q1. What is electric current?

The flow of electric charge is called electric current.

Q2. Name two effects of electric current.

Heating effect and magnetic effect.

Q3. What is the use of a fuse?

A fuse protects appliances from excess current.

STAGE 3: Exam-Oriented Questions

Fill in the blanks:

• Electric current flows only in a __________ circuit.
• An electric bell works on the __________ effect of current.

Very Short Answer:

Name one device that uses heating effect.
Answer: Electric iron

Quick Revision Points

• Electric current is flow of charge
• Closed circuit allows current
• Current produces heat and magnetism
• Fuse is a safety device