📜 Class 7 History – Chapter 1
Tracing Changes Through a Thousand Years
These NCERT notes explain how history changed between 700 CE and 1750 CE in a simple and clear way for Class 7 students.
🕰️ 1. How Do We Periodise History?
Historians divide the past into different time periods to study it easily. This process is called periodisation.
- Ancient Period
- Medieval Period
- Modern Period
The medieval period in Indian history is generally considered from 700 CE to 1750 CE.
📚 2. Meaning of Medieval Period
The word medieval means the middle age. It refers to the time between the ancient and modern periods.
During this period, many changes took place in:
- Language
- Religion
- Technology
- Administration
- Society and economy
🗣️ 3. Changes in Language
Languages spoken during this period changed over time. Old languages slowly developed into new ones.
- Sanskrit remained important
- Persian became the language of administration
- Regional languages like Hindi, Bengali, Tamil developed
🧾 4. Sources of History
Historians study the past using different sources.
📖 (a) Manuscripts
- Handwritten books
- Written on palm leaves or paper
- Copied again and again, so mistakes occurred
🪨 (b) Inscriptions
- Written on stones, temples and pillars
- Provide reliable historical information
🏰 5. New Social and Political Groups
Many new groups came into power during this period.
- Rajputs
- Marathas
- Jats
- Sikhs
Kings gave land to warriors and religious leaders, which changed society.
🌍 6. Changes in Economy and Society
- Expansion of agriculture
- Growth of towns and trade
- Use of new crops and irrigation methods
Society became more complex with new occupations and classes.
📌 7. Important Terms
- Manuscript – Handwritten historical document
- Archive – Place where historical records are preserved
- Chronicle – Historical account written in time order
- Cartographer – Person who makes maps
In answers, write dates clearly, use keywords like periodisation, manuscripts, medieval, and write points neatly.
Prepared by Shaktimatha Learning ✨
Simple • Clear • Exam-Ready
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