Class 7 Geography – Chapter 8
Human–Environment Interactions
The Tropical and the Subtropical Region

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🌍 Introduction

Human beings interact with their environment to meet their needs. The environment influences human life, and humans also modify the environment. This chapter explains life in the tropical and subtropical regions.

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🌴 Tropical Region

The tropical region lies near the Equator. It is hot throughout the year and receives heavy rainfall.

📍 Location

• Located between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn
• The Amazon Basin is an example of a tropical region

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🌧️ Climate of the Tropical Region

• Hot and wet climate
• Heavy rainfall throughout the year
• High humidity

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🌿 Natural Vegetation

• Dense evergreen forests
• Forests are called rainforests
• Large variety of trees, plants and animals

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👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Life of People in the Tropical Region

• People depend on forests for food and shelter
• Hunting, fishing and farming are common
• Main crops: cassava, maize, coffee and cocoa

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🌲 Subtropical Region

The subtropical region lies beyond the tropics. It experiences moderate climate.

📍 Location

• Lies between the tropics and the polar regions
• The Ganga-Brahmaputra Basin is an example

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🌦️ Climate of the Subtropical Region

• Hot summers and cold winters
• Moderate rainfall

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🌾 Natural Vegetation

• Deciduous forests
• Trees shed leaves in dry season

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👨‍🌾 Life of People in the Subtropical Region

• Agriculture is the main occupation
• Main crops: rice, wheat, sugarcane and jute
• Dense population due to fertile soil

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🔄 Human–Environment Interaction

People use natural resources like land, water and forests. They build houses, roads and industries, which change the environment. Sustainable use of resources is important.

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📌 Key Exam Points:
• Location of tropical and subtropical regions
• Climate and vegetation differences
• Lifestyle of people in both regions

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