🌍 Class 7 Geography – Chapter 3
Our Changing Earth
NCERT Textbook Questions & Answers

                                            

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Q1. Why do the plates move?

The plates move because of the movement of molten magma inside the Earth. This movement creates pressure and causes the plates to shift slowly.

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Q2. What are exogenic and endogenic forces?

Endogenic forces are forces that act from inside the Earth and cause earthquakes, volcanoes and mountain formation.

Exogenic forces act on the Earth’s surface and include weathering, erosion and deposition.

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Q3. What is erosion?

Erosion is the wearing away of the Earth’s surface by agents like running water, wind, glaciers and sea waves.

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Q4. How is a flood plain formed?

A flood plain is formed when a river overflows its banks and deposits fine soil on both sides of the river. Over time, this deposited soil forms flat and fertile flood plains.

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Q5. What are sand dunes?

Sand dunes are low hills of sand formed by the deposition of sand by the wind in desert regions.

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Q6. How are beaches formed?

Beaches are formed when sea waves deposit sand and pebbles along the seashore.

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Q7. What is an earthquake?

An earthquake is the sudden shaking of the Earth’s surface caused by the movement of lithospheric plates.

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Q8. Name the major landforms created by running water.

• Waterfalls
• Meanders
• Flood plains
• Deltas

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Q9. What do you mean by focus and epicentre?

The focus is the point inside the Earth where an earthquake originates. The epicentre is the point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus.

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Q10. Name the landforms created by glaciers.

• U-shaped valleys
• Moraines
• Glacial lakes

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📝 Exam Tip:
Write definitions clearly and underline keywords like erosion, deposition, focus and epicentre.

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