Class 7 Economics – Chapter 3
A SHIRT IN THE MARKET
Detailed Notes (NCERT Based)
1. Introduction
This chapter explains how a shirt reaches us from the cotton farmer. It shows the role of different people like farmers, factory owners, traders and sellers. It also explains inequality in markets.
📌 2. From Cotton Field to Shirt
The journey of a shirt begins in cotton fields.
- Cotton farmers grow cotton.
- Cotton is sold to traders at low prices.
- Traders sell cotton to factories.
- Factories convert cotton into cloth.
- Cloth is stitched into shirts.
- Shirts are sold in markets.
📌 3. Who Gains the Most?
Not everyone in the chain earns equally.
- Farmers earn very little.
- Traders earn more profit.
- Factory owners earn maximum profit.
- Big companies control prices.
This shows inequality in the market system.
📌 4. Conditions of Cotton Farmers
Cotton farmers face many problems.
- High cost of seeds, fertilizers and pesticides.
- Low selling price of cotton.
- Dependence on moneylenders.
- Risk of crop failure.
Many farmers fall into debt.
📌 5. Conditions of Workers in Factories
Workers in garment factories also face difficulties.
- Low wages.
- Long working hours.
- Unsafe working conditions.
- No job security.
📌 6. Market and Equality
Markets do not provide equal benefits to everyone.
- Big companies have power.
- Small farmers and workers are weak.
- Government intervention is necessary.
📌 7. Role of Government
- Fix minimum support price for farmers.
- Ensure fair wages.
- Improve working conditions.
- Protect small producers.
✍️ IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS
Producer: A person who produces goods.
Trader: A person who buys and sells goods.
Factory Owner: A person who owns and runs a factory.
Inequality: Unequal distribution of income and resources.
✍️ 5-MARK ANSWER MODEL
Answer:
The journey of a shirt begins with cotton farmers growing cotton. The cotton is sold to traders at low prices. Traders sell it to factories. Factories convert cotton into cloth and stitch shirts. The finished shirts are sold in markets to consumers.
Always mention cotton farmer → trader → factory → market in sequence. This fetches full marks.
Prepared by Shaktimatha Learning 🌟
Class 7 Economics • NCERT • Exam Ready
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